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LIFE LINES OF INDIAN ECONOMY 1 – MAJOR ROADS AND RAILZONES


LIFE LINES OF INDIAN ECONOMY 1 – MAJOR ROADS AND RAIL ZONES

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Transport routs are considered as the lifeline of a nation. The role played by transportation routes in the process of urbanization, in addition to industrialization is decisive. Transportation helped in linking rural and urban areas and expediting the process of urbanization.
Road Transport

India is one of the countries of the world with a broad network of roads. The influence of topography is decisive in the building and development of roads. 

Roads

ROADS
CHARACTERISTICS

Golden Quadrangle
(Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways)
This Projects are being implemented by the National Highway Authority of India( NHAI)


Golden Quadrangle is the Express Highway that links four metropolitan cities of India. This route which has a total length of 5846 km ( Delhi – Kolkata – Chennai – Mumbai and Delhi by six-lane super Highways). In addition to this the Government of India has planned, under the category of Expressways , a 4076 km long Sri Nagar(Jammu&Kashmir) to Kanyakumari (Tamilnadu) North-South Corridor and a 3640 km long Silchar (Assam) to Porbunder (Gujarat) East-West Corridor.

National Highways
Laying and maintanance is done by the Central Public Works Department . (NHAI)

Link extreme part of the country. Link State capitals, industrial cities and commercial cities. It is the major road network in the country.
State Highways
Construction and maintenance is done by the State Public Works Department (PWD)
States major road network. Linking a state capital with different district headquarters.
District Roads
This Roads are maintained by the District/Block Panchayats
Links various places within a district.
Rural Roads
Construction and maintenance is done by Grama Panchayats
Includes both tarred and un-tarred roads which link rural areas and villages with towns.
Border Roads
Construction and maintains by Border Roads Organisation.
Boarder Roads Organisation was established in 1960 for the development of the roads of strategic importance in the northern and north-eastern states.

 Railway Zones

India has the largest network of railways in Asia. It is the suitable means of transport for long distance travel for both the passenger and heavy cargo.

Railway Zones
Headquarters
Central Railway
Mumbai (Sivaji Terminal)
Western Railway
Mumbai ( ChurchGate)
Eastern Railway
Kolkata
Northern Railway
New Delhi
North – Eastern Railway
New Delhi
Southern Railway
Chennai
North – Eastern Frontier Railway
Maligav (Guwahati)
South – Eastern Railway
Kolkata
North Central Railway
Allahabad
North Western Railway
Jaipur
South Western Railway
Hubli
East Central Railway
Hajipur
West central Railway
Jabalpur
East Coast Railway
Bhuvaneswar
South East Central Railway
Bilaspur
Konkan Railway*
Navi Mumbai
Kolkata Metro Railway     
Kolkata
*Konkan Railway. This Rout was laid by the Konkan Railway Corporation. Traffic through the Konkan Railway was started on 26th January 1998. This route, extending from Roha in Maharashtra to Manglore in Karnataka for a distance of 760 km, required 3500 crore rupees for its construction.


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