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CROPPING PATTERN IN INDIA

CROPPING PATTERN IN INDIA
(Geography CBSE Std IX, Chapter 4 Agriculture)

(Geography KERALA Std X, Chapter 5 India - Economic Geography )

EXTRA SHOTS!




India is one of the countries where agriculture has got a very important place. Like other resources, agricultural resources have significant influence on Indian economy. Three fourths of her population depend on agriculture. Agriculture sector is the source of raw materials for many industries. It makes the food basket richer for a nation like India which stands second in the world in terms of population


Variety in seasonal crops is the peculiarity of our agricultural sector. Agricultural crops are classified into three, based on seasonal changes. Diverse types of crops that are cultivated all over the world are also cultivated in India. But it is not possible to cultivate all the crops in all the seasons.( observe the table given below);

 

Name
Sowing Period
Harvest Period
Major Crops
Kharif
June
(Beginning of Monsoon)
September – October
( End of Monsoon)
Paddy*, Maize, jower, bajra, tur(arhar), moong, urd, cotton, jute, groundnut, soyabean, millets
Rabi
October to December
(Beginning Winter)
April to June
( Summer )
Wheat, barley, peas, gram, mustard, tobacco, pulses, linseed
Zaid*
March
(Beginning Summer)
June
(Beginning Monsoon)
Fruits, Vegetables and fodder crops ( Watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber, etc.)

* If required temperature is available, the altitude of a place is note at all a problem for the cultivation of paddy. It grows at an altitude of over 2000m in Kashmir and Kuttanad in Kerala, which is below sea level.


* In between the rabi and kharif seasons, there is a short season during the summer months known as the Zaid season ( See the chapter)

Food crops - Paddy, wheat, maize, jower, bajra, ragi, barley etc.
Cash crops - Cotton, Jute, Sugarcane
Plantation Crops - Tea, Coffee, Rubber,
Fibre Crops - Cotton, Jute
Oil Seeds - Groundnut, mustard, coconut, gingelly, linseed, Caster seed
Beverage crops - Tea, Coffee, Cocoa


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